Alzheimer's disease is a brain disease responsible for most
cases of loss of memory and cognitive decline in humans. It's the most common
cause of dementia. The term "Dementia" is an overall term describing
a wide set of symptoms. The symptoms could be associated with a decline in
memory, mood changes, and problems associated with communication and reasoning.
According to Alzheimer's Association, the Alzheimer's disease
accounts for between 60 -80% of all dementia cases.
However, this report outlines the symptoms and risk factors for
Alzheimer's disease, as well as an ayurvedic approach to Alzheimer’s
disease.
Definition:
The term "Alzheimer's disease", was first described by
a German neurologist, named Alois Alzheimer. It's a neurological disorder that
affects the brain such that, the death of brain cells causes memory loss and
cognitive decline. During the course of the disease, protein 'plaques' and
'tangles' develop in the structure of the brain, leading to the death of brain
cells. People with Alzheimer's disease have a shortage of some important
chemicals in their brain. These chemicals are involved with the transmission of
messages within the brain.
An Alzheimer's disease is a physical disease that progressively
affects the brain. It's a progressive disease in the sense that, it gradually
affects and damages more part of the brain, over time. Thus as this happens,
the symptoms become more severe.
Recent research has shown that , over 4.7 million people of 65
years of age and older are living with Alzheimer's disease in the United
States, and also it affects around 496,000 people in the UK.
However, a recent statistical report established from the
Alzheimer's Association , gives a proportion of the population affected -
just over a tenth of people in the over-65 age group have the disease in the
US. In the over-85s, the proportion goes up to about a third.
What causes AD:
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Although, it's widely known and accepted that Alzheimer's is a
brain disease, in which the death of the brain cells causes memory loss. What
in turn causes this disease is still a force to reckon with, as so many factors
such as age, genetic inheritance, environmental factors, lifestyle and overall
general health, has been suggested by some scientists and health care
organizations.
In Alzheimer's disease, high levels of certain proteins
"plaques and tangles" inside and outside brain cells make it
hard for brain cells to stay healthy and to communicate with each other. The
brain region called the hippocampus is the center of learning and memory in the
brain, and the brain cells in this region are often the first to be damaged.
The Plaques are found between the dying cells in the brain -
from the build-up of a protein called beta-amyloid , while the tangles are
within the brain neurons - from a disintegration of another protein, called
tau.
Risk Factor:
- Age is one of the biggest risk factor this disease. In as much as dementia is not restricted to older people, the risk factor gets higher with increasing age. Thus a bigger proportion of over-85-year-olds have it than of over-65s.
- Inheritance of genes - If a case of Alzheimer's disease exists in a family, thus, the risk would be a little higher than if there were no cases of Alzheimer's in an immediate family.
- Research has also shown that people who smoke, and those who have high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels or diabetes, are at increased risk of developing Alzheimer's.
- People who have had severe head or whiplash injuries also appear to be at increased risk of developing dementia. Boxers who receive continual blows to the head are at risk too.
Ayurvedic Treatment for Alzheimer's disease:
According to Ayurveda, Alzheimer's disease is termed
"smruthi nasha" . An Alzheimer's disease is a problem of old age
where "Vata Dosha" is much aggravated. The Vata passes from the Majja
Dhatu to the Mano Vaha Srotas, thereby causing disorders such as paranola,
memory loss and delusions. In Ayurveda, Alzheimer's can result from three(3)
main factors. The factors include:
- dosha imbalance
- Imbalance of the mind
- Karmas
The mind is described to be in one of the following 3 states:
· sattva,
· rajas,
· tamas.
A sattvic mind has the best memory and is alert, enthusiastic,
courageous, stable, and intelligent. On the other hand, Rajas describes a
mental state dominated by attachments and is characterized by anger, passion,
greediness, constant action, excessive work, and anxiety.
The tamasic mind tends to develop delusions and is described as
dull, ignorant, and slow.
Tamasic characteristics of Alzheimer's include;
· slow cognition,
· poor memory; and
· difficulty performing tasks.
Rajasic imbalances present during frustrated outbursts and
periods of agitation, often termed sundowning.
Related symptoms of Alzheimer’s:
· Problems with language
· Memory loss
· Loss of initiative
· Problems with abstract thinking
· Misplacing things
· Changes in personality
· Changes in mood or behavior
Ayurvedic Treatment for Alzheimer's disease:
· Complete Nourishment: The two variants of treatment in Ayurveda
are; Apatarpana (aimed to reduce) and Santarpana (to nourish). The Santarpana
treatment is being done in Alzheimer's by using appropiate herbs.
· Removal of Causes: such as dryness, roughness, instability and
high mobility in body or mind are the main causes for Vata aggravation.
· Healthy Diet and Lifestyle: What we eat thus reflects directly
on our body. thus the need to properly manage diet and lifestyle is important.
Treatments:
Panchakarma; A special part of treatment in Ayurveda
aimed at removing toxins from the body and servicing it for a better efficacy.
Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya is advised
Ayurveda therapies such as Rasayana therapies, Shiro vasti,
Shiro Dhara, Shiro Pichu, Abhyanga are commonly prescribed for Alzheimer's
patients.
Internal medications:
It includes medicines to prevent degeneration and strengthening of the
brain. Such treatments for Alzheimer's comprises of the use of herbs, which
acts upon the majja dhatu and mano vaha srotas. Such herbs are
brahmi(Bacopa monnieri), vacha (Acorus calamus), Aswagandha (Withania
somnifera), etc.
Activities:
·
Specific
Yoga Asanas , Pranayama (breathing techniques), meditation
· Food
and lifestyle changes: Foods that promote rajas and tamas mind states
should be avoided. Foods that cause a dull state of mind have low amounts of
prana (life energy) inside. These include overripe, overcooked, highly
processed, frozen, and refined foods. Also, it’s good to have it in mind
that a living a healthy lifestyle is worth emulating.
- Ayurvedic
approach AD gives the best results.